RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Diante do contexto da pandemia ocasionada pela COVID-19, os indivíduos com dor crônica, como na fibromialgia, experimentaram o impacto do isolamento social. Assim, considerando a escassez de estudos que contemplem avaliações iniciais de mulheres com fibromialgia antes do período de pandemia e que as comparem com o momento de contexto pandêmico, objetivou-se analisar as possíveis repercussões da pandemia decorrentes da COVID-19 em sintomas psicológicos, qualidade de vida e dor. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional descritiva, longitudinal, com abordagem exploratória e quantitativa. A amostra foi composta por 15 mulheres com fibromialgia a pelo menos três meses, com idades entre 43 e 55 anos e com nível de dor acima de quatro na Escala Analógica Visual (EAV). Foram utilizados o Questionário Sociodemográfico e Clínico, o Inventário Beck de Ansiedade (IBA), o Inventário Beck de Depressão (IBD) e o Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). RESULTADOS: Em média, a intensidade da dor durante o isolamento social (8,40±1,50) e o nível de ansiedade (29,80±13,97) foram maiores do que antes da pandemia (6,06±1,62, p=0,001) e (22,33±9,69, p=0,006), respectivamente. Ou seja, as participantes mostraram maiores níveis de ansiedade e dor durante o período de isolamento social. A média dos sintomas depressivos e qualidade de vida diferiram minimamente, não demostrando significância estatística, com p=0,94 e p=0,46, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: A pandemia da COVID-19 pode ter contribuído para o aumento das queixas de dor e ansiedade durante o período pandêmico. Entretanto, outras variáveis não controladas podem ter infuenciado nesse resultado, como resiliência e suporte familiar, por exemplo.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In the context of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, individuals with chronic pain, as in fibromyalgia, experienced the impact of social isolation. Tus, considering the scarcity of studies that contemplate initial assessments of women with fibromyalgia before the pandemic period and that compare them with the pandemic context moment, the objective was to analyze the possible repercussions of the pandemic resulting from COVID-19 on the psychological symptoms, quality of life and pain. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional, observational research with an exploratory and quantitative approach. Te sample was composed of 15 women with fibromyalgia for at least three months, aged between 43 and 55 years and with pain level above four on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Te Sociodemographic and Clinical Questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) were used. RESULTS: On average, pain intensity during social isolation (8,40±1,50) and anxiety level (29,80±13,97) were higher than before the pandemic (6,06±1,62, p=0,001) and (22,33±9,69, p=0,006), respectively. In other words, the participants showed higher levels of anxiety and pain during the period of social isolation. Mean depressive symptoms and quality of life difered minimally, showing no statistical significance, with p=0.94 and p=0.46, respectively. CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to the increase in pain and anxiety levels during the pandemic period. However, other uncontrolled variables may have infuenced this result, such as resilience and family support, for example.

Abstract Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction, associated with the presence of restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Cannabis has been used to alleviate symptoms associated with ASD. Method We carried out a systematic review of studies that investigated the clinical effects of cannabis and cannabinoid use on ASD, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA checklist). The search was carried out in four databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Scopus, and Web of Science. No limits were established for language during the selection process. Nine studies were selected and analyzed. Results Some studies showed that cannabis products reduced the number and/or intensity of different symptoms, including hyperactivity, attacks of self-mutilation and anger, sleep problems, anxiety, restlessness, psychomotor agitation, irritability, aggressiveness perseverance, and depression. Moreover, they found an improvement in cognition, sensory sensitivity, attention, social interaction, and language. The most common adverse effects were sleep disorders, restlessness, nervousness and change in appetite. Conclusion Cannabis and cannabinoids may have promising effects in the treatment of symptoms related to ASD, and can be used as a therapeutic alternative in the relief of those symptoms. However, randomized, blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials are necessary to clarify findings on the effects of cannabis and its cannabinoids in individuals with ASD. Systematic review registration International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), code 164161.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Diante do contexto da pandemia ocasionada pela COVID-19, os indivíduos com dor crônica, como na fibromialgia, experimentaram o impacto do isolamento social. Assim, considerando a escassez de estudos que contemplem avaliações iniciais de mulheres com fibromialgia antes do período de pandemia e que as comparem com o momento de contexto pandêmico, objetivou-se analisar as possíveis repercussões da pandemia decorrentes da COVID-19 em sintomas psicológicos, qualidade de vida e dor. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional descritiva, longitudinal, com abordagem exploratória e quantitativa. A amostra foi composta por 15 mulheres com fibromialgia a pelo menos três meses, com idades entre 43 e 55 anos e com nível de dor acima de quatro na Escala Analógica Visual (EAV). Foram utilizados o Questionário Sociodemográfico e Clínico, o Inventário Beck de Ansiedade (IBA), o Inventário Beck de Depressão (IBD) e o Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). RESULTADOS: Em média, a intensidade da dor durante o isolamento social (8,40±1,50) e o nível de ansiedade (29,80±13,97) foram maiores do que antes da pandemia (6,06±1,62, p=0,001) e (22,33±9,69, p=0,006), respectivamente. Ou seja, as participantes mostraram maiores níveis de ansiedade e dor durante o período de isolamento social. A média dos sintomas depressivos e qualidade de vida diferiram minimamente, não demostrando significância estatística, com p=0,94 e p=0,46, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: A pandemia da COVID-19 pode ter contribuído para o aumento das queixas de dor e ansiedade durante o período pandêmico. Entretanto, outras variáveis não controladas podem ter infuenciado nesse resultado, como resiliência e suporte familiar, por exemplo.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In the context of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, individuals with chronic pain, as in fibromyalgia, experienced the impact of social isolation. Tus, considering the scarcity of studies that contemplate initial assessments of women with fibromyalgia before the pandemic period and that compare them with the pandemic context moment, the objective was to analyze the possible repercussions of the pandemic resulting from COVID-19 on the psychological symptoms, quality of life and pain. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional, observational research with an exploratory and quantitative approach. Te sample was composed of 15 women with fibromyalgia for at least three months, aged between 43 and 55 years and with pain level above four on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Te Sociodemographic and Clinical Questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) were used. RESULTS: On average, pain intensity during social isolation (8,40±1,50) and anxiety level (29,80±13,97) were higher than before the pandemic (6,06±1,62, p=0,001) and (22,33±9,69, p=0,006), respectively. In other words, the participants showed higher levels of anxiety and pain during the period of social isolation. Mean depressive symptoms and quality of life difered minimally, showing no statistical significance, with p=0.94 and p=0.46, respectively. CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 pandemic may have contributed to the increase in pain and anxiety levels during the pandemic period. However, other uncontrolled variables may have infuenced this result, such as resilience and family support, for example.

Abstract Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction, associated with the presence of restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Cannabis has been used to alleviate symptoms associated with ASD. Method We carried out a systematic review of studies that investigated the clinical effects of cannabis and cannabinoid use on ASD, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA checklist). The search was carried out in four databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Scopus, and Web of Science. No limits were established for language during the selection process. Nine studies were selected and analyzed. Results Some studies showed that cannabis products reduced the number and/or intensity of different symptoms, including hyperactivity, attacks of self-mutilation and anger, sleep problems, anxiety, restlessness, psychomotor agitation, irritability, aggressiveness perseverance, and depression. Moreover, they found an improvement in cognition, sensory sensitivity, attention, social interaction, and language. The most common adverse effects were sleep disorders, restlessness, nervousness and change in appetite. Conclusion Cannabis and cannabinoids may have promising effects in the treatment of symptoms related to ASD, and can be used as a therapeutic alternative in the relief of those symptoms. However, randomized, blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials are necessary to clarify findings on the effects of cannabis and its cannabinoids in individuals with ASD. Systematic review registration International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), code 164161.

A fibromialgia é uma condição em que há dor crônica generalizada, na qual é comum a presença de comorbidades, aumentando o sofrimento e a piora da qualidade de vida. Assim, necessita-se compreender suas comorbidades para facilitar seu diagnóstico e tratamento adequados. Objetivou-se realizar uma análise bibliométrica das produções científicas sobre comorbidades associadas à fibromialgia. Realizou-se busca nas bases de dados da PUBMED, LILACS e SciELO, com as palavras-chave “Fibromyalgia” AND “Comorbidity”. Incluíram-se estudos relevantes e relacionados ao tema, publicados em inglês, espanhol e português, estudos de caso e série de casos, caso-controle, coorte, estudos pilotos e ensaios clínicos disponibilizados na íntegra, entre 2008 e 2018. Excluíram-se os artigos duplicados nas bases de dados, os que se referiam a outras patologias como doença de base e os relacionados a modelos animais. Observou-se que as comorbidades da fibromialgia mais estudadas nos últimos 10 anos foram as doenças psiquiátricas, como ansiedade, depressão e transtorno bipolar, seguidas pelo distúrbio do sono. Os Estados Unidos lideraram em número de pesquisas sobre comorbidades da fibromialgia. A maioria dos estudos recebeu financiamento e o auge das publicações ocorreu em 2013 e 2016. A maioria das pesquisas correspondeu aos estudos de caso-controle e o periódico que mais publicou sobre essa temática foi a Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. O Brasil ainda possui poucas publicações nessa área, o que impossibilitou uma análise comparativa em relação ao panorama internacional. Desperta-se, assim, a necessidade de maiores incentivos a estudos nacionais sobre as comorbidades presentes na população brasileira com fibromialgia.

Fibromyalgia is a condition in which there is widespread chronic pain, in which the presence of comorbidities is common, increasing suffering and worsening quality of life. Thus, it is necessary to understand its comorbidities to facilitate its proper diagnosis and treatment. The objective was to carry out a bibliometric analysis of scientific productions on comorbidities associated with fibromyalgia. A search was conducted in the databases of PUBMED, LILACS and SciELO, with the keywords “Fibromyalgia” AND “Comorbidity”. Relevant and related studies published in English, Spanish and Portuguese, case studies and case series, case-control, cohort, pilot studies and clinical trials made available in full, between 2008 and 2018 were included. Duplicate articles in the databases, those referring to other pathologies such as underlying disease and those related to animal models were excluded. We found that the most studied comorbidities of fibromyalgia in the last 10 years were psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, depression and bipolar disorder, followed by sleep disorders. The United States has led in number of studies on fibromyalgia comorbidities. Most of the studies received funding and the peak of publications occurred in 2013 and 2016. Most of the research corresponded to case-control studies and the journal that most published on this subject was Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology. Brazil still has few publications in this area, which prevented a comparative analysis in relation to the international panorama. Thus, there is a need for greater incentives for national studies on the comorbidities present in the Brazilian population with fibromyalgia.

Abstract Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by the fear of being judged negatively in social situations. Eye-tracking techniques have been prominent among the methods used in recent decades to investigate emotional processing in SAD. This study offers a systematic review of studies on eye-tracking patterns in individuals with SAD and controls in facial emotion recognition tasks. Thirteen articles were selected from the consulted databases. It was observed that the subjects with SAD exhibited hypervigilance-avoidance in response to emotions, primarily in the case of negative expressions. There was avoidance of conspicuous areas of the face, particularly the eyes, during observations of negative expressions. However, this hypervigilance did not occur if the stimulus was presented in virtual reality. An important limitation of these studies is that they use only static expressions, which can reduce the ecological validity of the results.